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DIALOGUE

Ukraine: the nation for a state vs. a state for the nation

As is generally known, the modern times are closely related to creation and strengthening of the nation-state which grows into the basic element of the system of international relations (see Giddens 1991; Habermas 1987; Wagner 2001). Even today nation remains the most important element of international system despite its blurring role. However, we can but recognize that the attempts to transfer a European model of the nation and apply it to the new emerging states may bring about unsatisfactory results. The suggested Ukrainian national project is neither rejected, nor accepted. Why? What’s the snag? What is the main problem to be tackled?
Expert opinions
Ukraine is beyond the endangered zone
Yuri Yakymenko, Director of political and legal programs of the Razumkov Center
Despite such adversities as egoism and mercantilism of national elite, social and cultural variety among regions, difficult social-demographic situation etc., Ukraine retains a sufficient safety factor in an order to take up historical option.

The state as a stamp in the passport of the nation
Vasyl Lisoviy, Candidate of Philosophy, leading researcher and head of the department of history of Ukrainian philosophy of the NAS of Ukraine
department of history of Ukrainian philosophy of the NAS of Ukraine Ukrainians in the east and west are far closer together in their culture, way of life and perception of their own state than residents of different cities of any European state.

“Your vote is an action! Look forward to dividends”
Frédérick Lemarchand, Doctor of Social and Economic Sciences, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, France
For the sake of welfare people can forget about their roots. We all have become cosmopolitans seeking climes with better social policy. The immigrants couldn’t care less about their nationality aspiring to assimilate as soon as possible, indigenous people couldn’t care less about their nationality because they are not paid for it; therefore the political system assumes a character of business-relations.

There Is No Alternative to Ukrainian State
Volodymyr Troshchynsky, Doctor of History, Prof.
Ukraine as a state-nation is still in the making and we should fix on a kind of model we prefer: “western” (civil-territorial) or “eastern” (ethnically genealogical).

Compromise: Ukrainian Style
Haran Oleksiy Vasyliovych, Doctor of History, Prof. of Political Sciences, Scientific Head of NAUKMA School of Political Analysis
If Ukraine joins the EU, the official language status of Russian or even autonomy of certain territories will be a lesser risk than now; in fact, in the EU the idea of belonging to Europe will bring everybody together.

Ukraine will become a major power, if...
Oleksiy Krysenko, Assoc. Prof. of Dep. of Political Sciences of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
...our national project will become attractive for all our neighbors, let alone inside ehtnoses and national minorities. Therefore, we’d better make an about-turn: can we explain Ukrainian non-Ukrainians their indigenous Ukrainian origins, and fill the humanitarian space of our neighbors with love for Ukraine, or can’t we?

For Ukraine the question of political nation is of top priority
Olexandr Paliy, leading expert of the Institute of Foreign Policy of the Diplomatic Academy under the MFA of Ukraine, candidate of political sciences
Ukraine is both ancient and emerging country. The state practice within the bounds of ancient Ukraine substantiates the legitimacy of the state, and the youth of revived Ukraine opens new vistas for the country, including the possibility to rewrite something from scratch making it look better, than others do.

We need to understand what the state is up to
Olexandr Derhachov, political scientist
Everybody knows that emerging Modernity is closely related to the making of a nation becoming the main element of the system of international relations. Why do the attempts to transfer European models of nations-states to our domain fail? Why the independence-oriented Ukraine has stopped its nation building?

Only in outward appearance the Ukrainian state copies European forms
Kost BONDARENKO, Director of the Gorshenin Institute of Management
The Ukrainian state is the #1 foe of Ukrainian people. The residents of Lviv, Luhansk, Crimea and other oblasts have such common adversary as the corrupted bureaucracy with its administrivia, militia, and courts, or haven’t they? This Opposition is, possibly, the main uniting stimulus.

Presently there is no such thing as nation making in Ukraine
Victoria Podgornaya, Candidate of Philosophy, director of the Center of socio-political planning
Ukraine tries to pursue a policy of making of a nation resorting to a variety of ethnocultural, linguistic, and ethnoreligious forms. However, this process is not like that in Modern Europe. The higher degree of consolidation there was based on the assumption of territorial integrity. And the inviolability of frontiers is uppermost in my mind. Concerning some of its territories Ukraine is playing at high stakes, and this issue should be highlighted now.

Necessary awareness of the new archetypes of the making of the nation
Oleksandr Shmorhun, leading researcher of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations
There are still some chances to save the state system; it’s a go if both citizens and top brass understand that in the increasingly unstable world everybody tells his own story (as de Gaulle put it, “the war against our enemies, and peace against our friends”), the thesis “Ukraine is our common abode” must be complemented with the thesis “Ukraine is our common abode and salvation.”

The “national state” is still far from its dying day
Yaroslav MATIYCHIK, Director of the security programs of the Strategic and Security Studies Group, Kyiv, Ukraine
There is a substantial difference between the non-established and poor states. Long and short of it, some of them still contain a potential and prospects of national development and other––no.

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